daf921 kirjutas:Lukkude ehitusest ja tööpõhimõtetest ei oska täpselt rääkida....inimene , kes seda oskab on hetkel Soomes tööl.....
Lülitamine käib igaljuhul vaakumiga.
Natuke lugemist,algselt pärit siit,
http://www.passatworld.com/forums/showt ... p?t=182800
Here's an excellent write up on different AWD systems by name and application.
...and no, Synchro and the latest Quattro/4Mo systems are very different.
Strongly recommend reading the whole thing for explanations of the systems and how they actually work, but here's the quick version:
Brand names
Audi: quattro
VW: syncro, followed by 4motion
Seat: 4
Skoda: 4x4
Systems
Quattro I: open front diff, open center diff (manual lock), open rear diff (manual lock). No ABS when locked.
Full-time manually engaged four-wheel drive.
Was on: original Audi quattro (also named "Urquattro"), Audi 80/100 quattro.
Syncro: open front diff, viscous coupling acting as the center diff, open rear diff.
Part-time automatically engaging four-wheel drive.
Was originally developed by Audi, but sourced to VW as "syncro". Similar line of thought to the Haldex system, with the VC engaging rear drive when needed. Crude system with serious drawbacks, such as a lack of ABS integration, which needed the 4WD system to be switched off under braking, using a secondary clutch. Volvo also went on to use it on their earlier Cross-Country models, adding a TC system at the front and an LSD at the back - complicated and flawed. Also on 911 Carrera 4, but then that's originally a RWD car...
Quattro II: open front diff, torque sensing ("torsen") center diff, open rear diff (manually lockable for "those" situations in the rough). No ABS when rear is locked, auto de-lock when speed exceeds 15mph.
Full-time automatically engaged four-wheel drive.
Was on: the Audi quattro ('88-'91, still nicknamed "Urquattro"), Audi 80/90 quattro, Audi 100/200 quattro, Audi Coupé quattro, Audi S2/RS2, Audi S4, Audi S6 (all until '95). Usually seen as the quattro system.
Quattro III: open front diff, torsen center diff (auto version: planetary gear center with electronically controlled multi-plate locking clutch), torsen rear diff.
Full-time automatically engaged four-wheel drive.
Was on: Audi V8/A8 between 1990 and '94. Quattro II further perfected. The ideal all-mechanical system.
Quattro IV: open front diff with Electronic Differential Lock (EDL), torsen center diff, open rear diff with EDL.
Full-time automatically engaged four-wheel drive.
Is on: all VW/Audi cars with longitudinally mounted engines, so A4/A6/A8 quattro, S4/S6/S8, RS4/RS6, Passat 4motion. Quattro with a blend of electronic wizardry, with ABS/ASR sensors acting to detect slipping wheels (the EDL system). First 4WD system which theoretically needs to have all four wheel slipping before it's rendered unmovable.
Haldex: open front diff with EDL, electronically controlled Haldex clutch center, open rear diff with EDL.
Part-time automatically engaging four-wheel drive.
Is on: all VAG cars with transversely mounted engines, so Audi A3 quattro, S3, TT quattro, VW Golf/Bora 4motion, Seat Leon 4, Skoda Octavia 4x4. Normally FWD but Haldex directs torque to the rear when slip occurs to a maximum torque split of 50/50. Is also the system of use in the latest Volvo AWD models (S60, V70, XC70